What is it?
Allergic rhinitis — often called nasal allergies — happens when your immune system reacts to something in the environment, such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. This causes swelling inside the nose, leading to sneezing, congestion, and a runny nose. A related condition, non-allergic rhinitis, causes similar symptoms but without a clear trigger, and is managed a little differently.
Common symptoms
- Sneezing.
- Itchy nose or eyes.
- Clear runny nose, typically from both sides.
- Nasal blockage or congestion.
- Postnasal drainage.
How is it diagnosed?
We ask questions to figure out if allergies are involved. If needed, an allergy test can help identify what's triggering your symptoms.
Treatment
Nose rinses and steroid sprays are the main treatment for both types. If you have a specific allergy trigger, avoiding it and taking allergy medicine can also help.
Things You Can Do at Home
General nasal symptoms
Use a saline nasal rinse once or twice daily when symptoms are bothersome, especially after significant allergen exposure.
Smoke and strong smells
Avoid cigarette smoke, second-hand smoke, incense/bukhoor, strong fragrances, and other irritants that clearly worsen your symptoms.
Pollen
Keep windows closed when pollen levels are high and use air conditioning when practical. Limit prolonged outdoor exposure on high-pollen days. Shower and change clothes after significant outdoor exposure. Avoid drying clothes outside during high-pollen periods. Check local pollen forecasts if available.
Dust mites
Wash bedding regularly in hot water and consider allergy-proof mattress and pillow covers. Reduce dust and unnecessary fabric-heavy furnishings in the bedroom. If practical, replace bedroom carpets with hard flooring. If carpets remain, vacuum regularly using a HEPA-filter vacuum.
Pets
If you are allergic to a pet, reducing exposure can help. Ideally, keep the pet out of the bedroom and away from upholstered furniture where you spend a lot of time.
Mold and dampness
Fix water leaks and damp areas and clean visible mold. Address the source of moisture rather than relying on sprays or air fresheners.
Airborne allergens
A HEPA air purifier may help reduce airborne allergens, especially in the bedroom. It works best as an additional measure rather than as a replacement for reducing the allergen source.